Journal: Journal of Translational Medicine

Article Title: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound triggers a beneficial neuromodulation in dementia mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via activation of hippocampal Fndc5/irisin signaling

doi: 10.1186/s12967-022-03824-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Boosting hippocampal Fndc5/irisin alleviate hippocampal damage and cognitive deficits following experimental VaD. A Experimental outline. Forced expression of Fndc5 in hippocampus of adult C57BL/6 mice using adenovirus brain infection, while enhancement of hippocampal irisin level by bilateral intrahippocampal injection of recombinant irisin on day 22 after BCAS. B Hippocampal Fndc5 mRNA expression and irisin were respectively detected using qPCR and ELISA on day 28 after BCAS. C Hippocampal synaptic plasticity was analyzed using Patch Clamp on day 28 after BCAS. The average traces of fEPSP in hippocampal slices. D The data of fEPSP at 120 min. E – G Cognitive evaluation were performed on day 28 after BCAS. The errors (numbers of entries into incorrect maze arms) in two-days radial arm water maze test were continuously measured in each block ( E ). The errors in last block were counted in a histogram ( F ). Exploratory time on old or new object in novel object recognition test were illustrated in histogram ( G ). H , I Hippocampal level of TGF-β and IL-10, were determined using ELISA on day 28 after BCAS. J The percentage of freezing time obtained on day 28 after BCAS in contextual fear test were illustrated in histogram. Sham, sham-operated mice; BCAS, mice were subjected to BCAS injury; AdFndc5 or AdGFP, adult BCAS mice were infected using intracerebroventricular injection with an adenoviral vector designed to express Fndc5 or GFP; Irisin, adult BCAS mice with bilateral intrahippocampal injection of recombinant irisin. (n = 8 per group. All data are expressed as mean ± SEM, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, ns means no statistical significance)

Article Snippet: The concentration of irisin in serum, brain tissue homogenate or culture supernatant were detected using the irisin ELISA kit obtained from Phoenix pharmaceuticals (Burlingame, USA). and were obtained from Phoenix pharmaceuticals (Burlingame, USA). transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and interleukin (IL)-10 were measured with mouse TGF-β and IL-10 ELISA Kits (Aviscera Bioscience, Santa Clara, CA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Infection, Injection, Recombinant, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Patch Clamp, Blocking Assay, Plasmid Preparation

Journal: Journal of Translational Medicine

Article Title: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound triggers a beneficial neuromodulation in dementia mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via activation of hippocampal Fndc5/irisin signaling

doi: 10.1186/s12967-022-03824-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fndc5/irisin mediates the neurorestorative effects of LIPUS on experimental VaD. A Experimental outline. Knockdown the expression of hippocampal Fndc5 using shRNA before 7days of BCAS. Transcranial LIPUS was applied 24 h after BCAS and subsequently daily with a stimulation time of 5 min at an ultrasound pressure of 0.51 MPa for a period of 28 days. B , C Fndc5 mRNA expression and irisin concentration in hippocampus of adult mice were respectively detected using qPCR and ELISA on day 28 after BCAS. D Hippocampal synaptic plasticity was analyzed using Patch Clamp, average traces of fEPSP in hippocampal slices collected on day 28 after BCAS. E The data of fEPSP at 120 min. F , G Hippocampal TGF-β and IL-10 were determined using ELISA on day 28 after BCAS. H Exploratory time on old or new object in novel object recognition test were illustrated in histogram. I The errors in radial arm water maze test were continuously measured in each block on day 28 after BCAS. J The data of errors in last block were counted in a histogram. K Global Fndc5 knock-out mice (F5KO) was employed to mechanism exploration, contextual fear test was used to assess cognitive deficit on day 28 after BCAS. the percentage of freezing time obtained on day 28 after BCAS were illustrated in histogram. Sham, sham-operated mice; BCAS, mice were subjected to BCAS injury; LIPUS, BCAS adult mice with LIPUS treatment; shFndc5 or shLuc, LIPUS-treated adult BCAS mice with intrahippocampal injection with lentiviral particles expressing shRNA against murine Fndc5 or luciferase. (n = 8 per group. All data are expressed as mean ± SEM, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, ns means no statistical significance)

Article Snippet: The concentration of irisin in serum, brain tissue homogenate or culture supernatant were detected using the irisin ELISA kit obtained from Phoenix pharmaceuticals (Burlingame, USA). and were obtained from Phoenix pharmaceuticals (Burlingame, USA). transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and interleukin (IL)-10 were measured with mouse TGF-β and IL-10 ELISA Kits (Aviscera Bioscience, Santa Clara, CA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, shRNA, Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Patch Clamp, Blocking Assay, Knock-Out, Injection, Luciferase